A Critical Study of Torture in 
					Chandrakumar’s Lock-Up, a Novel and Vetrimaaran’s Visaranai, 
					a Film
					Raja M
					
					
					ABSTRACT 
Torture is one of the practices used by the state 
			to extract information and a confession from the victims under war 
			trials. This paper is an attempt to explore torture and analyses the 
			relationships between the state and torture, torturer and the 
			victims, and the experience of pain and the emotions that arise from 
			this in the Tamil novel, Lock-Up (2017) by Chandrakumar and 
			Visaranai (2016), its film adaptation by Vetrimaran. How does the 
			state act as the producer of torture as well as the regulatory 
			authority in all forms of government? How does a modern secular and 
			liberal state, as in India, use torture as a tool to extract the 
			information or confession from the victims in the name of democracy? 
			The present paper seeks to respond to these questions.
			Key words: Modern State, Lock-Up, Torturer, Victims, Torture, 
			Democracy, Secular, Pain, Fear, Darkness.
		
 
                                    
	